In the past thirty years since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the development speed of mechanical manufacturing technology has been very fast, moving towards the trend of large-scale, precision, automation, and complete sets of mechanical products. In some aspects, it has reached or exceeded the world's advanced level. And this period is not over yet As long as we can make good use of the laws of technological development and have the courage to innovate, China's mechanical manufacturing technology will continue to develop to a higher level Re leading the trend of global machinery industry development.
The modern mechanical manufacturing technology mainly has the following characteristics:
Firstly, mechanical manufacturing technology has engineering characteristics: in the modern sense, mechanical manufacturing technology fully emphasizes the integration of computer technology, sensing technology, information technology, management technology, and automation technology. It requires the integration of mechanical manufacturing technology with traditional mechanical manufacturing technology throughout the application process, so as to ensure that the entire systematic engineering can achieve the mutual integration of energy flow, information flow, and material flow;
Secondly, mechanical manufacturing technology has the characteristic of comprehensiveness: at present, the application goal of modern mechanical manufacturing technology is to ensure that the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises can be improved and to contribute to the growth of the national economic level. From this perspective, the application of modern mechanical manufacturing technology should not be limited to the framework of the manufacturing process, but should also cover the front and rear stages of the manufacturing process, forming a complete whole;
Thirdly, mechanical manufacturing technology has a unified characteristic: in the process of continuous development of the market economy, the most important problem that relevant enterprises need to solve in order to gain an absolute advantage in participating in market competition is to shift the focus of development from improving labor productivity to improving time, cost, and quality. In modern mechanical manufacturing technology, the organic combination of the above elements has been fully realized, achieving the unity of technological application;
Fourthly, mechanical manufacturing technology has global characteristics: with the continuous development of modern economy and society, the process of global economic integration is becoming increasingly intense. Most developed Western countries expand their market share through finance, technology, and information, which directly leads to the intensity of market competition. In order to better adapt to this development trend, it is necessary to fully integrate mechanical manufacturing technology with modern high-tech through its application, in order to support the comprehensive development of the manufacturing industry.
Under the current technological conditions, the development achievements of modern mechanical manufacturing technology in China are mainly reflected in flexible manufacturing, virtual manufacturing, and agile manufacturing. Firstly, for flexible manufacturing technology in modern mechanical manufacturing, it refers to: based on group technology, with conventional CNC machine tools (which can be of different types and multiple units) and CNC flexible machine tool guidance units as the center. In flexible manufacturing technology and its application systems, the connection of related equipment can be achieved through the application of automated logistics systems. Although flexible manufacturing technology is also one of the performance types of automated manufacturing systems, it exhibits obvious variable batch characteristics in production methods. In the current practical work, the updating of mechanical manufacturing related products and the satisfaction of market dynamic development needs all rely on the application of flexible manufacturing technology. Through the accumulation of practical application experience, it has been found that flexible manufacturing technology can combine the objects involved (mostly appearing in groups), determine the corresponding process, and make reasonable choices for related CNC machining machinery and equipment devices. To achieve the goal of mass production of workpieces. More importantly, in the process of applying flexible manufacturing technology, the ability to simultaneously complete production management and processing manufacturing plays an important role in improving production efficiency when applied to cutting, stamping, and welding operations. Secondly, for virtual manufacturing technology in modern mechanical manufacturing, it refers to the supervision of modeling the characteristics of mechanical products throughout the design and manufacturing process based on virtual technology and simulation technology, using computers as tools to complete simulation and operation of the entire product design and manufacturing process. In the process of introducing virtual technology into mechanical design and manufacturing, it is crucial to optimize practical solutions and measures to ensure the most reasonable allocation of relevant production resources. This is particularly important for controlling production costs and seeking greater comprehensive competitiveness for enterprises. At the same time, virtual manufacturing is one of the key ways to achieve agility in mechanical manufacturing, which can break the traditional design and manufacturing mode of mechanical products, ensuring the most balanced relationship between product manufacturing costs, production accuracy, product operation risks, and product performance. Not only that, through the application of virtual manufacturing technology, it is also possible to make reasonable modifications to mechanical manufacturing products in real time based on user needs, improving the pertinence of design and manufacturing. Finally, for agile technology in modern mechanical manufacturing, it refers to a new mechanical design and manufacturing technology based on spiritual innovation, structural management innovation, and management personnel innovation. Through the rational application of agile technology based mechanical design and manufacturing technology, a common infrastructure reflecting the development of the mechanical design and manufacturing market can be constructed, ensuring dynamic and reliable response to market changes. Based on practical work experience, the introduction of agile mechanical design and manufacturing technology has greatly improved the production speed of mechanical products, significantly reduced production costs, and optimized production efficiency.
However, there is still a significant gap between China's mechanical manufacturing technology and the world's advanced level, mainly manifested as: high-end manufacturing technology cannot keep up, and the related market share is small; Weak research and development design and innovation capabilities, with core technologies relying on foreign countries; Not yet formed a specialized manufacturing capability with strong international competitiveness; The supporting capacity of high-end manufacturing industry is insufficient, and core equipment and systems mainly rely on imports.
Looking at high-level foreign papers in recent years, it can be found that there are three major directions for the development of mechanical manufacturing technology:
1) The traditional field of mechanical manufacturing is closely integrated with high-tech, showing a new face;
2) New interdisciplinary technologies continue to emerge, giving rise to new branches of disciplines, and the research and application fields of high-end mechanical manufacturing continue to expand;
3) With the digitalization and micro/nano development of mechanical manufacturing, the support of basic sciences such as mathematics, physics, and chemistry has become increasingly important, and the disciplinary foundation has shifted from "technology" as the main focus to "technology and science" as the equal importance. In the post industrial era, the research field of mechanical manufacturing technology has expanded, and research methods and techniques are constantly innovating. It remains one of the fundamental and pillar technologies supporting the development of the national economy.
